Biography of Euripides, Third of the Great Tragedians

Euripides (480 B.C.–406 B.C.) was an ancient writer of Greek tragedy—the third of the famous trio (with Sophocles and Aeschylus). He wrote about women and mythological themes, like Medea and Helen of Troy. He enhanced the importance of intrigue in tragedy. Some aspects of Euripides tragedies seem more at home in comedy than in tragedy, and, indeed, he is considered to have been a significant influence on the creation of  Greek  New Comedy. This comic development  comes after the lifetime of  Euripides and his contemporary, the most familiar writer of Old Comedy, Aristophanes. Fast Facts: Euripides Known For: Famous Greek playwright and tragedian who created the love-dramaBorn: 480 BCE in ‎Salamis Island, GreeceParents: Mnesarchus (also spelled Mnesarchides), CleitoDied: 406 or 407 BCE in Macedonia or AthensWell-Known Plays: Alcestis (438 BCE), Heracles (416 BCE), The Trojan Women (415 BCE), Bacchae (405 BCE)Awards and Honors: First prize, Athenian dramatic festival, 441 BCE, 305 BCESpouses: Melite, ChoerineChildren: Mnesarchides, Mnesilochus, EuripidesNotable Quote: There are three classes of citizens. The first are the rich, who are indolent and yet always crave more. The second are the poor, who have nothing, are full of envy, hate the rich, and are easily led by demagogues. Between the two extremes lie those who make the state secure and uphold the laws. Early Life and Career A contemporary of the second of the tragedy  trio,  Sophocles, Euripides was born around 480 BCE to his parents Mnesarchus or Mnesarchides (a merchant from the Athenian deme of Phlya) and Cleito. It is believed he might have been born on Salamis or Phlya, although that may be a coincidence of the inventive methods used to date his birth. Euripides first competition might have been in 455. He came in third. His initial first prize came in 441, but out of about 92 plays, Euripides won only four  more first prizes—the last, posthumously. Intrigue and Comedy Where Aeschylus and Sophocles emphasized plot, Euripides added intrigue. Intrigue is complicated in Greek tragedy by the constant presence of the all-knowing chorus. Euripides also created the love-drama. New Comedy, a type of Greek  drama  that lasted from about 320  BCE  to the mid-third century  BCE  that offers a mildly satiric view of contemporary Athenian society, later took over the more effective parts of Euripides technique. In a modern performance of Euripides tragedy, Helen, the director explained it was essential for the audience to see immediately that its a comedy. Key Plays Another Euripidean tragedy that portrays women and Greek mythology, and seems to bridge the genres of tragedy, is a satyr play and comedy called Alcestis. In the play, a buffoonish Hercules (Heracles) comes to the house of his friend Admetus. The latter is mourning the death of his wife Alcestis, who has sacrificed her life for him but wont tell Hercules who has died. Hercules overindulges, as usual. While his polite host wont say who died, the appalled household staff will. To make amends for partying at a house in mourning, Hercules goes to the Underworld to rescue Alcestis. Tragedies that Euripides had written shortly before death that had never been performed at Athens City Dionysia were found and entered into the Dionysia, a large festival in ancient Athens, in 305 BCE. Euripides plays won first prize. They included The Bacchae, a tragedy that informs our vision of Dionysus. Unlike in Euripides play Medea, no deus ex machina comes in to save the child-killing mother. Instead, she goes into voluntary exile. It is a thought-provoking, grizzly play, but in the running for Euripides most excellent tragedy. Death Euripides may have died in Athens. Ancient writers from the third century BCE (starting with a poem by Hermesianax [Scullion]) claim Euripides died in 407/406, not in Athens, but in Macedonia, at the court of King Archelaus. Euripides would have been in Macedonia either in self-imposed exile or at the kings invitation. Gilbert Murray thinks the Macedonian despot Archelaus invited Euripides to Macedonia more than once. He had already corralled Agathon, the tragic poet, Timotheus, a musician, Zeuxis, a painter, and possibly, Thucydides, the historian. Legacy Despite winning only limited acclaim during his lifetime, Euripides was the most popular of the three great tragedians for generations after his death. Even during his lifetime, Euripides plays won some acclaim. For example, after the ill-fated Sicilian expedition, where Athens ventured into the Italian island in 427 BCE with disastrous results, those Athenians who could recite Euripides were reportedly saved from slave-labor in the mines. An indication of the resilience of his work is the fact that 18 or 19 of Euripides plays have survived to this day, centuries after he wrote them, and more than the plays of either Aeschylus  and  Sophocles. Sources â€Å"Ancient Greek Dramatic Festivals.†Ã‚  The Randolph College Greek Play.Ancient Greece-Euripides-Alcestis. Classical Literature.â€Å"Euripides Biography.†Ã‚  Encyclopedia of World BiographyKawalko Roselli, David. Vegetable-Hawking Mom and Fortunate Son: Euripides, Tragic Style, and Reception. Phoenix Vol. 59, No. 1/2 (Spring-Summer, 2005), pp. 1-49.Murray, Gilbert. Euripides and His Age. 1913.â€Å"New Comedy.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica.Scullion, S. â€Å"Euripides and Macedon, or the Silence of the Frogs.†Ã‚  The Classical Quarterly, vol. 53, no. 2, 2003, pp. 389–400.

Why Are People Gay - 967 Words

Not just a century ago, there was an act that was considered heresy; homosexuality, a different side of sexuality found in all recesses of history. Humans are not the only ones with evidence of homosexuality in their species, it has long been debated whether it was formed from being genetically born that way or nurtured. The long found history has been only puzzling as the two sides of the spectrum in views, and only being publicly accepted in the 1940s. In Natasha Tracy’s article â€Å"Why Are People Gay? Gay By Choice or Is Being Gay Genetic?† where she goes on to discuss the legitimacy of its authenticity in being a homosexual. From the views of being born or in fact the way humans are brought up determines their sexuality, criticizing in the end the matter of sexuality is a matter to the individual and should not be criticized in any way. Back before homosexuality was considered a sexuality, there were beliefs that being one was a sin. Until the nineteenth and twentieth century, it was then changed to a mental illness and put into the American Psychology Association (APA). Many individual underwent extensive forms of treatment in order to be considered â€Å"cured†, this was called reparative or conversion therapy, when often not the treatment was unsuccessful only resulting in feelings of shame and guilt toward their own sexual cognitions. Having electrodes strapped usually to the hands or genitalia or vomit inducing drugs pumped into their systems while slides of theShow MoreRelated gay people Essay1223 Words   |  5 PagesHomosexual people should have the right and the freedom like what straight people have in this world. I think this topic is very controversial because in the U.S. Most homosexual people especially males, get discriminated because of what they feel: having attractiveness to their same sex. 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Multidimensional Perspective In Learning Styles Education Essay Free Essays

string(186) " attack to instruction with an purpose to advance personal development through self-fulfillment, self-motivation and self-enhancement taking to self development \( Leadbeater, 2004 \) \." Introduction Personalisation in instruction has been discussed in fact-finding and policy documents for about a decennary. This construct of acquisition was used foremost in the United States and was subsequently extended and advanced in the United Kingdom as it became entrenched in a wider position for the reform of public services ( Hartley, 2007, Johnson, 2004 ) . UK Government introduced ‘customised individualized services ‘ in 1997 for making services that responded to the varied demands of persons more straight alternatively of offering one standardized solutions for all. We will write a custom essay sample on Multidimensional Perspective In Learning Styles Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Later the rule of individualized service came into consequence in the instruction sector and implemented at the secondary degree ( Judy Sebba, 2007, Skills, 2006 ) . Personalized Learning may be considered as an merger of teaching method, course of study and larning support to run into the demands of single scholars confronting the challenges of twenty-first century. It is frequently designed utilizing a figure of scope of theories, doctrines of instruction and acquisition to supply pupils with opportunities to be able to entree information and expertness, to lend thoughts and sentiments, and to match with other scholars and wise mans ( Hartley, 2007, Campbell et al. , 2007 ) . This method may utilize some net-based plans as Virtual Learning Environments ( VLEs ) or Learning Management Systems ( LMSes ) , treatment forums or chat communities ; and could be devised as a â€Å" blended † attack, where contents will be available remotely every bit good as straight through ICT and schoolroom and talks ( Robinson and Sebba, 2009 ) . Definitions of personalizing instruction have evolved over clip and have bit by bit emerged at both national and planetary degrees. Personalizing instruction is progressively going a cardinal driver of instruction reform and has the undermentioned common subjects ( Hartley, 2007 ) : aˆ? Learners are placed at the Centre aˆ? ICT plays a really of import function and is a cardinal enabler aˆ? It is a womb-to-tomb acquisition attack aˆ? It works through community based coaction I will discourse this newer but now ubiquitous theoretical account of supplying instruction in UK utilizing the four key points through critical literature reappraisal and compare this with other similar systems operated in New Zealand. The aim of this assignment is to pull a decision sing the strengths, failings every bit good as the public-service corporation of this construct in national and planetary position. Literature reappraisal An overview of personalisation in instruction Personalizing instruction has the undermentioned common subjects ( Hall and Moseley, 2005, Clarke, 2003, Hargreaves, 2005, Hartley, 2007, Johnson, 2004, Robinson and Sebba, 2009 ) . Learners are cardinal Personalised instruction incorporates a highly-structured attack to prosecute scholars to inform and authorise assessed through meaningful undertakings for the improved results for all and a committedness to cut down the spread among accomplishments ( Miliband, 2003 ) . Information and communications engineering ( ICT ) ICT enables each student with greater recreation and enhances interaction for supplying a infinite for personalised, flexible larning beyond any bound, i.e. unrecorded locally whereas learn globally ( Robinson and Sebba, 2009 ) . Lifelong acquisition Personalizing instruction is committed to lifelong acquisition and to the proviso of flexible acquisition environments and a figure of tracts for instruction to run into the demands of all scholars ( Hartley, 2007 ) . Communities of coaction Embracing the construct of personalizing instruction through schools will advance a ‘community of larning ‘ attack and develop the perceptual experience of webs holding strong familiarities with the place, community, local establishments, concern and services. Johnson had presented advanced narrations of this construct to the National College for School Leadership: ‘personalised larning ‘ : an instruction system where appraisal, course of study, learning manner, and out of hours proviso are all designed to detect and foster the alone endowments of every individual pupilaˆÂ ¦ aˆÂ ¦the most effectual instruction depends on truly cognizing the demands, strengths and failings of single pupilsaˆÂ ¦ ( Johnson, 2004 ) In 2003, David Miliband determined the definition to unambiguously admit the demand for intercession between instructors and pupils ( Miliband, 2006 ) : Personalised larning involves work in categories and groups and does non connote pupils larning on their ain. The nucleus of individualized acquisition is to guarantee that each pupil ‘s demands are assessed, endowments spotted and nurtured, involvements spurred, trouble to acquisition is removed and their possible fulfilled ( Beach and Dovemark, 2009 ) . The instruction, course of study and category administration of schools should be designed in such a manner that as many students as possible can be reached for every bit much of the clip as possible ( Stillwaggon, 2008 ) . A Working Group on instruction reform was established in 2003 to analyse ways of invention in educational offerings and recommended a figure of educational reform including the debut of ‘core larning ‘ and ‘main larning ‘ ; alterations to assessment schemes, betterment in vocational plans ; superior acknowledgment of makings, and making chances for scholars. The Tomlinson reappraisal has proposed the incorporation of sheepskins so that leaners from all subdivisions of the society can acquire an chance to detect and bask the usage of their abilities and endowments to the highest degree possible, in add-on to geting the basic capablenesss needed to win in big life ( Reform, 2004 ) . The UK Government decided in 2004 in the â€Å" Five twelvemonth scheme for kids and scholars † that it would connote reforms for significant betterments in every phase of instruction and kids ‘s services from the early old ages of a kid ‘s life to lifelong acquisition and grownup accomplishments ( Miliband, 2006 ) . Many faculty members and research workers later put visible radiation on this docket through their research and findings. For illustration, in 2004 Tom Bentley and Riel Miller presented personalisation in instruction as an germinating thought of client service applied in the educational sector. They have made it apparent that individualized acquisition is possible when a individual can place his demands and the service providers are capable of acknowledging and at the same clip reacting in the most appropriate manner to provide for the specific demand of that individual ( Bentley and Miller, 2006 ) . Charles Leadbeater discussed a method that was steady with a more brooding and engaged attack to instruction with an purpose to advance personal development through self-fulfillment, self-motivation and self-enhancement taking to self development ( Leadbeater, 2004 ) . You read "Multidimensional Perspective In Learning Styles Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" In personalized acquisition context, the scholar should be considered as an active, responsible, self-motivated and a co-designer of the scheme that determines how instruction should be delivered ( Hartley, 2009, La Marca, 2007 ) . Resources can be shared between schools through formation of webs and federations and each member school can be used as a gateway to the shared resources. Further, Johnson in 2004, made the undermentioned comments that highlights some of the complications between the involvement of the person in individualized acquisition and the demands to foster a shared sense of community while negociating the nature of that community. â€Å" As this thought is more of import as a political†¦ .than an educational program†¦ . †¦ .one which offers at best a partial apprehension of the intents of mass instruction in modern society and which speaks to a radically neo-liberal docket † ( Johnson, 2004 ) . In 2005 UK authorities published a white paper on school criterions. This paper acknowledged individualized acquisition as a manner of instruction which is practiced and should be adopted where appropriate. The study stated that – â€Å" Personalisation is non new. The best schools of UK should supply a trim instruction which combines: a?’ based on the demand of the scholar, excess little group or one-to-one tuition a?’ All kids will acquire chances to acquire extra support and tuition in countries they are interested a?’ exciting whole-class instruction a?’ grouping of pupils of similar ability and attainment degree to assist coordinated acquisition a?’ a flexible and rich course of study which can be easy accessed by every type of student and allows older people to blend academic and vocational acquisition a?’ extended usage of information engineering in the schoolroom every bit good as at place † . Maslow needs theory and its relation with personalized acquisition system Abraham Maslow in his ‘Hierarchy of Human Needs ‘ proposed that all people have a set of basic demands: physiological, safety, belonging and esteem demands, and he constructed a hierarchy which suggested that ‘D necessitate ‘ ( lack demands ) must be met to able one to develop into their possible and realize the ego ( Sirgy, 1986, Rowan, 1999 ) . Self-actualization and transcendency can be addressed one time the four lack demands have been met and so one makes the most of one ‘s abilities. At this phase one can work towards carry throughing one ‘s possible and going the best of one ‘s capableness. Figure 1: Maslow Hierarchy of Needs ( Beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cbc.ca/radio2/programs/maslow.png ) In conformity with it, UK Department for Education and Skills ( DfES ) in 2006 proposed five constituents of individualized acquisition, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2: The five constituents of individualized acquisition ( Image beginning: hypertext transfer protocol: //nationalstrategies.standards.dcsf.gov.uk/node/83151 ) The inner nucleus in this figure focuses on conventional acquisition patterns, but personalizing the school experience has the key for the successful execution ( Clarke, 2003, Allen, 2002 ) . The five constituents are: Appraisal for Learning Effective instruction and acquisition Curriculum entitlement and pick Organizing the school Beyond the schoolroom This is in line with the Maslow ‘s theory. Interestingly, there is a important relationship between Maslow ‘s theory of demands and the New Zealand Curriculum ‘s construct of Hauora – or wellbeing. In this theoretical account, the construct of well-being encompasses the physical, mental and emotional, societal, and religious dimensions of wellness. So we can compare these systems present in two states ( Crooks, 2002 ) . Comparison of the Individualized Learning vision, UK A ; NZ Although both UK and New Zealand portion some common vision towards personalized larning but there are important differences in the attacks to accomplish them. The comparing of the individualized learning vision of the two states are summarized below – Personalizing Learning UK Department for Children, Schools A ; Families Personalizing Learning NZ Ministry of Education Effective instruction A ; acquisition: Emphasis to develop the competency and assurance of every scholar and a focal point on instructors ‘ scope of learning accomplishments Effective instruction: Supplying professional development for instructors to elate their accomplishments and design programmes to run into the diverse demands of pupils Appraisal for Learning ( AfL ) : It implies the utilizations of grounds and feedback to observe the position of students, what they require to make furhter and how best to acquire accomplish this. Appraisal for Learning: Having an in-depth cognition of the strengths and failings of every pupil. A flexible course of study: Learning-focused ( instead than content-focused ) to advance ‘real ‘ acquisition state of affairss and fiting the purposes of the National Curriculum to the countries of their acquisition profile. Course of study: Teachers are given with more chances to use their professional cognition and sets to the way of learning in schools. Beyond the schoolroom: Constructing partnerships beyond the school is the key for both back uping acquisition in the schoolroom and heightening pupil wellbeing. Strong and occupied communities: Strong partnerships between place and early childhood services and schools for informing parents who need to be involved in their kid ‘s acquisition. Organizing the school: School leaders and instructors maintain high quality instruction and acquisition A ; guarantee that pupil public presentation and student public assistance Professional leading: Professional leaders of early childhood services and schools provide leading of acquisition, making the conditions for personalizing acquisition. Highly supportive system: The function of authorities and cardinal bureaus is non to run schools but to assist them construct the capacity to run into the demands of their pupils. Discussion The implicit in grounds for which we have to travel a long manner to implement true personalized instruction system are multifaceted and the instruction reforms are needed to successfully implement personalized instruction system in UK or any other developed state. Here I want to concentrate on few cardinal points – Resource Gap: Lack of resources may be the main ground why personalisation has non advanced farther ( Beach and Dovemark, 2009 ) . Education sector are authoritative maximization demands ; one can ever happen demands that have non been met and one can ever reason for extra resources. Hence resources apportioning governments must ever be inactive on its watchfulness over the educational sector and maintain a steadfast restraint on costs, lest it grows beyond all bounds. Institutionalised conservativism may be considered as an every bit of import ground for the disagreement between theory and pattern for the educational system ( Campbell et al. , 2007, Fielding, 2006 ) . The operators of the system ( instructors ) are older than those who are utilizing the system ( pupils ) make it vastly hard to avoid conservativism. Procedure related nostalgia to maintain the educational system from reforming contributes as a 3rd factor. The impression that the younger coevals must travel through a clip tried procedure like the old coevalss are making opposition from different subdivisions of the society every clip the educational system is aimed to reform ( Tharinger et al. , 1996 ) . The inactiveness inbuilt in the present educational system is a critical ground for slow reform. But one should non overrate the impacts of reforming the educational system on society. The frequence of alteration in modern-day society ( added up with womb-to-tomb larning construct ) develops the impression that the position quo in educational system has no monopoly on leaving accomplishments and cognition, but it is still it has the function of the foundation for the womb-to-tomb acquisition. On the contrary it can be said that the impression of womb-to-tomb larning as such what is proposed in a personalisation of larning ( Beach and Dovemark, 2009 ) . The huge scope of larning being conducted after the completion of formalistic instruction in existent life does non normally taught in formal instruction scenes instead the capable affair and topographic points are frequently chosen by the scholar. Future deductions of Individualized Learning The educational system is of all time altering from the really being. One attend to larning for future addition instead than immediate fulfilment. ‘Non scholae, sed vitae discimus ‘ . Since the hereafter does non be, so one has to pull a logical decision or may be a qualified, witting conjecture. The thoughts are applicable with even greater accent to determine up the educational system, because it is so much futuristic. The elements may hold a greater consequence chiefly on the attitude to people, motive, the demands of society, and the technological possibilities. Personalised acquisition and people Conformity has a long history. In the present scenario the society is based on experience. That made experienced one ‘smarter ‘ than immature one, because it takes clip to garner experience. Hence the seniors ( the instructors ) had authorization. The hereafter should be the mutualism among the stack holders of the system. Personalised acquisition and motive Educational system should recognize that the ways for motive have changed. The indispensable qualities of a modern educational system are supposed to leave to pupils without any signifier of menaces instead at a reciprocated respectful manner. Personalised acquisition and society The precedences of society will be decided by the development of a cognition society – a society that will turn from both optimistic and pessimistic causes. The Knowledge Society is the result of the amount of our collected cognition continues to turn at an exceeding rate. Our hereafter chance lies upon the cognition based society through the execution of individualized acquisition ( Wallace, 2008 ) . Personalised acquisition and engineering The turning significance of the attitude-shaping map is another paradigm of the insatiability of the educational sector. A more individualized educational system needs the invention of ICT for efficiency additions and traveling towards right way ( Haldane and Wallace, 2009 ) . The engineering ( Information engineering ) through the usage of synergistic systems, contribute to increased end product in the instruction sector and thereby do executable for more individualized instructions ( Robinson and Sebba, 2009 ) . Decision The term ‘Zeitgeist ‘ and the educational system already have seen a considerable dissension. We have supported individuality which elevates the exclusivity of each individual and therefore a greater control over one ‘s ain life is promoted for each person. But on the contrary, we have an educational system that still to a considerable extent has a fixed content and fixed timing. As it is implausible to return to a superseded position, it is seemed clear that is the educational system will hold to accommodate with individualized acquisition. The growing towards a more individualized instruction will be held back by the inquiries about the insatiability of the educational system. It therefore seems unbelievable that a more individualized instruction is possible without at the same time retrieving the efficiency of the educational system. Since this will affect some investings, a high economic growing will give assurance a more individualized instruction. A more individualized instruction is non without its restrictions. It becomes more complicated to measure the single pupil ‘s additions from his personally designed manners of surveies. When individualized construct in instruction sprouts, at the same clip, concerns develops that a more irregular instruction system may sabotage coherence among the stakeholders of the society. The system which eases the pupils ‘ tract through acquisition in a meaningful manner will hence be much less dissentious than one that besides personalises the substances that is to be learnt. But this must be implemented through an thorough scrutiny of the preexistent conditions within the educational sector that shows the significant advancement already has been made sing timing. The cardinal challenge to educational systems in modern-day societies is that the remainder of society, particularly the labour market, will necessitate that the system produces more and better skilled people. The go oning enlargement within the planetary division of labor agencies that the states must go on to nurture the Knowledge Society if they wish to maintain up and augment their current criterion of life. No 1 can oblige the devising of more and better qualified people, market has to carry them. And a more individualized instruction will be smarter than the bing, more inflexible, educational systems. As individualized acquisition is still in its developing phases there is a small indicant of the overall success it may finally leave. However, there is important grounds that many of the mechanisms of individualized acquisition attacks have been successful in a figure of contexts around the universe. How to cite Multidimensional Perspective In Learning Styles Education Essay, Essay examples

Business Proposition of Developing the Potential IoT Applications

Question: Discuss about the Business Proposition of Developing the Potential IoT Applications. Answer: Introduction: IoT stands for Internet of Thing and this report is an attempt to map the IoT capabilities to solve extensive business problems by making the decision makers empowered by providing some insightful business data point. In this report the possible IoT application strategy roadmap is designed for the company(Ovidiu Vermasen, 2012). The areas are deciphered by analyzing the success stories in the current scenarios and hence possible industries have been finalized. The expansion strategy must be agile as the industry is changing quickly and hence upgrades to solution will also be needed to be done quickly. Theory of IoT: Internet of Thing is a concept in which the data extraction mode is made live and hence data point sources are the things around us. The capabilities of analytics has been enhanced by inclusion of Clod Computing and high level analytics is not possible at a real time basis. What is important point here is that some very critical business decisions are not taken without substantial backing of data and that is where IoT as a concept is important and appreciated(Evans, 2010). Example, when a company is not sure amount the status of their logistics capabilities, the impact of IoT, where the sensors are talking with the system to provide the current state as is of the system is very important for the company to push the things in the progressive direction. Also, enhancing the capabilities in almost every sector is possible, where there are tons of things and all carrying important data, like the concept of Beacons, where they can detect the Bluetooth around a store and send important upd ates on the mobile directly. All these are very strategically places concepts, which help the companies and the management to be more reliant on the actual data analysis and not just speculations or hypothesis. IoT by nature is an amalgamation of three elements, which are Things which are empowered by sensor devices to collect the data, Data which is collected from those Sensors through some sensor reading devices and lastly, the Computing Analytics which is the art of reading that data, turning into a manageable and sorted form and then taking out the business insights from there(GSMA, 2014). This is the end to end analysis of IoT and it is the need of the hour, when it comes to making an informed and better business critical decisions in the business environment. The situation that business faces, demands a through and insightful analysis of data and logic and that is provided by IoT capabilities. Today it has penetrated in almost every sphere and still a lot to conquer and analyze. The biggest success stories that are relevant for the business environment are discussed in the next section. These are few of the cases, which have shown the capabilities that are available for the business to redefine their horizon of processes and through that they have gained substantial insights and results. Success Stories: Kraft Foods Cooler Mapping Smart Retail: Kraft is always a very tech savvy company and they have unleashed the potential of Smart retail concept in which they are able to tap the inventory requirement till the end of the customer contact point and are able to forecast precisely how much is the availability needed at the retail store and how much is the current inventory status at the retail stores. The coolers and the refrigerator where the chocolates and other stuffs are kept are mapped to a centralized repository tool at the central warehouse through sensors, which are capable to see the inventory levels of the chocolate and other items(Hammond, 2013). Through this the Central Warehouse of Kraft Foods has a fair idea about how much is the amount they need to keep in the repository to ensure that there is no stock out situation at all. The issues that were resolved by this innovation were the lean inventory operations which they were able to manage with lesser resources and made the system more proactive and predictive. This helped the Kraft Foods to attain a minimum inventory level and still serve the customers in the better manner. Secondly they were able to improve their CFR that is the Case Fill Rate in which they were to face a bare minimum Stock Out situation and hence the relationships with their retailers and warehouses also improved(Hayes, 2015). The customer order decoupling point was closest to the customers by this innovation and a total benefit of Multi Million Dollars was achieved by Kraft. They also experienced a rise in customer retention and that was because their product was available on the shelf in the needed quality and quantity all the time. Apart from inventory the coolers were also able to tap the aging, temperature and other important aspects of the items that are critical for the business in relation to the quality of the products. This was a first of its kind of innovation that has the potential of easily bringing systematic retailing in operation. They had clear visibility of everything and that also helped the operations people to make the production related choices with enough confidence and the sales people to make a better prediction of the forecasting and hence maintain a cordial environment in the overall market, critical for CPG companies(Gregory, 2014). Appendix 1 shows the capabilities that are offered by the Smart Retails in the real retail environment. Connected Cars: Until now the entire capability of the cars super computing system was linked towards enhancing the internal working and capabilities of the car. With the advent of the Connected Car concept, for the first time, the huge capability is brought to the outside world and hence some computing is done in order to enhance the outside view of the car(Kramer, 2012). The system is more focused towards car with internet access and how it can be connected to other cars around and hence some thorough analysis can be done based on the available data while the car is running around. There can be loads of data points and systems that may be connected with the connected cars and hence the capabilities may be unleashed. Suppose the way towards a destination may be shared by another car which is going in the same direction and in this way a person in being empowered that he need not be depended on himself and his gadgets only all the time(PWC, 2015). The same concept when extended is laying the pavement for the concept of driver less cars, in which the external sensors and indicators are good enough to ensure that the cars moves in the forward direction. The enhanced capabilities that are in coming in the concept of Connected Cars is the beacons and the Bluetooth. Through these the communications are further enhanced and developed and the data sharing is happening at such advanced level that was absolutely unimaginable about a decade back. Again such capabilities are possible only if the cloud computing backing is able to crunch the data and hence able to provide some strategic insights based on the advance analytics that can be run on the data(McKinsey, 2014). The data crunching is the future of the analysis and all the companies are moving from being opinion driven to bring data driven. The last analysis that is gaining a lot of traction for connect cars in the concept of Parking help. In which the parking assistance can be given to the driver based on the information given by the external environment and hence that will help in space optimization and ensure that there are lesser accidents on the roads and on the parking lots. These are few of enhanced capabilities gained out of the connected car concept and hence an important case study meant for analysis. Appendix 2 shows the capabilities of a connected car. Potent Scope of Expansion: Manufacturing Industry: Manufacturing industry is a heavy asset intensive industry that has been doing the business in the traditional format for ages. They have always followed the opinion based Strategy and operation systems to adhere to in case of regular working. The data driven decision is not in the DNA of the system and they are not typically known to be using the enhanced system analytics and cloud computing capabilities(IDC, 2015). This is the gap that the consulting and technology companies must identify and hence it will ensure that a solid expansion strategy is made in place. From selling perspective it is to be kept in mind that in the manufacturing set up the major cost is taken away by the maintenance department and that is usually not the focused action item for any of the department and this is where the selling proposition will make most sense. As per the reports, out of the total operating cost of a manufacturing installation, roughly 55% goes into mismanaged maintenance activities and hence it involves a whole lot of bucks and in some bigger CPG companies it goes till multimillion dollar levels. Hence, if the IoT solution in the space of maintenance management in the Manufacturing Industry is offered in the market and the kind of capabilities it can showcase in the market, it is bound to an instant hit. There are many companies which are ready to shell out good amount of one time money to get away from the recurring maintenance costs. Appendix 3 shows the maintenance expenditure overheads faced by the companies, so a good solution around this area is always welcomed by the market as it is solving a real time need. If a system is able to talk with the assets and plan their maintenance in a cost effective manner then it is a direct saving opportunity for the company and hence it is something that is worth to be given to the industry and it is surely going to stay there for a good coming two decades(Sebastian, 2010). This is the first of the kind of offering in the market that will elevate the level of manufacturing capabilities. Health Care: Health care is the second most potent industry where the scope of IoT level expansion can be seen and that will surely going to give a heads up for a new analytics based health monitoring almost at a real time basis. It will reduce the dependency of doctor being closer to the patient and hence people who are unable to be come to good doctors can be served well. Apart from the medical needs, the regular health needs in which there is a need to monitor tons of action points related to the human body can also be analyzed. Appendix 4 shows the scope of IoT in health care in which a person can continue to do the regular course of the day and the regular data that is collected in from there and hence a thoroughly analyzed results are produced at the end of the day. It is to be noted here that health care of most of the countries lies in total mess and in order to ensure that it gets into some ordered form, the data backup and data collection is the most important thing that will ensure that thing to happen. The data points are available throughout the body and the sensor reader may be a simple device like a smart phone. This can enhance the capabilities and ensure that accurate body related data is available to the person all the time. The amalgamation of sensors like those which can check the body concentration just by the sweat of a person can be used and in that way the person is always updated with the latest information about the body. The same information with extended IoT capabilities can also be shared with the doctors and based on that the doctor can also recommend some immediate solution to the person. In this manner the end to end capabilities related to health care can be mapped and hence it is established that all the data is neede d to be first collected and then analyzed to give some thorough results(Niewolny, 2013). Keep in mind that important highlights are needed is that money will be flowing in the system for health care update soon and it is the right time to invest in health care related IoT solutions that will ensure that the company will remain the part of the wave necessary for generating money. Advantages and Disadvantages of IoT Applications: Advantages: There are a lot applications that are possible in the IoT applications that the connected devices can give. The concept of Smart cities and Smart Retail is only possible due to these connected devices. Consider the case of Connected Cars, the following advantages may be accesses and similar kind of advantages may be extended for various other applications. As an extended example it can be shown here is that, if the driver of the car has some capability that can offer help in case of an emergency then the same is easier to share in case of connected car. The information is readily being emitted by the system of the cars and the other car users can read the data and hence in case of any help the same information may be extended to the needy. This is mainly helpful in case of doctors or an army person driving any car and hence this information will be very helpful and handy for other users. From traffic management point of view as well, connected car is an important concept, as various reader installed at traffic lights etc. will be capable to read the information about the car and that will carry many important information like speed of the car, most used ways, most type of cars that are on the road and the system can be extended to the level that even the pollution level contribution can also be assessed and mapped. This way it is much easier to control the traffic and hence the concerned department will have substantial data points to actually take some very important decisions at a solid foundation level and not just an opinion to keep. Disadvantages: Loss of privacy is the major concern of the people and that is something is the major deterring point related to IoT. People in the majority of the cases, will not be comfortable in sharing of data. Compatibility is the second major drawback of the IoT devices that is leading to the concern of data collection and churning. It is also a very complex system to implement and maintain and mainly because all the devices are mobile and hence the maintenance cost is also high. The people knowing the capabilities in and out are very less right now and hence it is equally very difficult to train the required resources in the right capability. Considerations: Legal: This is a major concern when it comes to dealing with data that the legal obligation for keeping the data safe and clean lies with the process and system owners and hence it is required to be processed properly and there is a lot of legal liabilities linked with the data. Ethical: The data carries some really personal information about the person and hence the ethical liability that lies here is that the data should be shared inappropriately and hence the management needs to be purely ethical and data must be kept safely. Conclusion: In the end it is to be mentioned that post the analysis of two most important and critical case studies related to IoT, it can be seen that data is going to be the future of all the organization and the IoT is the gap between the things and the internet. With the availability of world class sensors and equally good sensor readers, it is seen that gathering the data is not an issue. When it comes to storage of data, the cloud competencies and capabilities have made it really easy to save the data and also some immediate high end analytics can be run on it. This analytics is basically the system that will show the true worth and importance of data. As such data in raw form is less than useless. It has to be converted into some readable and understandable form and then the cloud computing analytics can be performed on it and hence it further gives the results that are necessary for generating the desired outcomes. These outcomes are strong data results that will help the companies to ta ke some immediate and impactful decisions. In this manner it is needed that potent industries must be recognized and post that an equally strong solution is given in the market that will help the industries realize that the solution is there to solve their as is problem and in that way there is a better chance of forming a relationship. Always be ensured that the final outcome is dependent only on the number of buyers ready to take the solution and hence there should be enough number of buyers in the market who are ready to invest and in good proportion. This way it is made empirical that final solution is there for the taking and will be a good offering. Future Scope of Expansion Recommendations: The future scope can be within the scope of the solution or by widening the scope as well. Like in case of manufacturing industry the current focus is on the maintenance department. The further scope can be extended to other departments as well and that will enrich the offering even further and to a level that it will become a habit of the industry to maintain a dependency on the IoT capabilities that will run the show in making the entire set up to be data driven and there is no place for opinion whatsoever. This is a very critical mode of enhancing the service offerings in other sections of industries like Retail, Banking and Utilities. These are the banks of data and the analysis drawn from these industries is also of supreme nature that will ensure that good and through insights are given to the companies to make them more data dependent and empowered. The idea is that it should turn into the psychology of the company to only depend on IoT capabilities when there is a need to drive any decision or thoughts. This way it is established that companies are more enriched and empowered and in this manner they are better and more controlled. References: Evans, D. (2010). The Internet of Things How the Next Evolution of the Internet Is Changing Everything. Budapest: Cisco. Gregory, J. (2014). The Internet of Things: Revolutionizing the Retail Industry. New York: Accenture Strategy. GSMA. (2014). Understanding the Internet of Things (IoT) . New York: Connected Living. Hammond, R. (2013). 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